HSK 3.0 Level 4 · Lesson 22 of 31

经济现象：产品、商业形态与经济状况

当代社会 · 经济现象

HSK 4 Course

Reading supportChinese first

Read the Chinese first. Reveal Pinyin or English only when you need support.

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55 minute lesson · task-based course

经济现象：产品、商业形态与经济状况

Discuss familiar economic phenomena through products, business models, prices and consumer behavior, explaining causes and effects with concrete everyday examples.

3texts & scenes

5focus words

2grammar points

5guided questions

By the end of this lesson

Understand general descriptions of popular products, business models and economic change.
Explain why a product or business form becomes popular and how it affects consumers.
Write a short observation about an everyday economic phenomenon.

LEARN IN CONTEXT

Read and listen across several real contexts

This lesson uses the number and type of texts that fit the topic. Learn the same language across different situations instead of forcing everything into one dialogue.

Core textExplainer

一种商业形式为什么会出现？

Why this text is here: Explain everyday business change through customer need, cost, service and competition rather than macroeconomic claims.

Fēnxī yì zhǒng xīn de shāngyè xíngshì, kěyǐ xiān wèn sān ge wèntí: tā jiějué le gùkè shénme xūyào? Qǐyè wèile tígōng zhè zhǒng fúwù zēngjiā huò jiǎnshǎo le shénme chéngběn? Qítā shāngjiā huì zěnyàng huíyìng? Lìrú, gèng cháng yíngyè shíjiān kěnéng gěi gùkè dàilái fāngbiàn, dàn shèbèi, píngtái hé guǎnlǐ yě xūyào tóurù.

分析一种新的商业形式，可以先问三个问题：它解决了顾客什么需要？企业为了提供这种服务增加或减少了什么成本？其他商家会怎样回应？例如，更长营业时间可能给顾客带来方便，但设备、平台和管理也需要投入。To analyze a new business form, ask three questions: what customer need does it solve, what costs increase or decrease to provide the service, and how might other businesses respond? Longer opening hours can add convenience, for example, while equipment, platforms and management still require investment.

Jiàgé dī zhǐ shì jìngzhēng de yì zhǒng fāngshì. Fúwù sùdù, wèizhi, shāngpǐn xuǎnzé, tuìhuàn tiáojiàn hé shǐyòng shìfǒu fāngbiàn, yě huì yǐngxiǎng gùkè juédìng. Tǎolùn jīngjì xiànxiàng shí, bǎ zhèxiē jùtǐ yīnsù shuō qīngchu, bǐ zhǐ shuō ‘shìchǎng biàn hǎo le’ huò ‘shìchǎng biàn chà le’ gèng yǒu yìyì.

价格低只是竞争的一种方式。服务速度、位置、商品选择、退换条件和使用是否方便，也会影响顾客决定。讨论经济现象时，把这些具体因素说清楚，比只说“市场变好了”或“市场变差了”更有意义。Low price is only one form of competition. Service speed, location, product choice, return conditions and convenience also affect decisions. When discussing economic phenomena, explaining these concrete factors is more meaningful than simply saying the market became better or worse.

Support textDialogue

无人零售店为什么越来越多？

Why this text is here: Retain the existing dialogue as one hypothesis-based discussion of convenience, labor cost, price and competition.

小夏

Zuìjìn shèqū lǐ kāi le hěn duō wúrén língshòudiàn, nǐ juéde zhè zhǒng shāngyè xíngshì wèishénme tūrán duō le?

最近社区里开了很多无人零售店，你觉得这种商业形式为什么突然多了？Many unmanned retail stores have opened in the community recently. Why do you think this business form has grown so quickly?

阿杰

Kěnéng shì yīnwèi yíngyè shíjiān cháng, érqiě gōngsī de rénlì chéngběn bǐjiào dī.

可能是因为营业时间长，而且公司的人力成本比较低。Possibly because opening hours are long and labor costs are relatively low.

小夏

Kěshì jiàgé bìng méiyǒu bǐ pǔtōng shāngdiàn dī hěn duō.

可是价格并没有比普通商店低很多。But prices aren't much lower than ordinary stores.

阿杰

Duì. Gùkè mǎi de bù zhǐshì chǎnpǐn, yě shì zài mǎi èrshísì xiǎoshí dōu fāngbiàn de fúwù.

对。顾客买的不只是产品，也是在买二十四小时都方便的服务。Right. Customers aren't only buying products; they're also paying for 24-hour convenience.

小夏

Nà zhè zhǒng móshì duì pǔtōng xiǎodiàn huì bu huì yǒu yǐngxiǎng?

那这种模式对普通小店会不会有影响？Will this model affect ordinary small stores?

阿杰

Kěndìng huì. Yì fāngmiàn jìngzhēng gèng dà, lìng yì fāngmiàn yě huì ràng chuántǒng shāngdiàn gǎijìn fúwù.

肯定会。一方面竞争更大，另一方面也会让传统商店改进服务。Definitely. Competition increases on one hand, but it can also push traditional stores to improve service.

小夏

Píngtái yīnggāi bǎ jiàgé hé qítā fèiyòng xiě qīngchu, hǎo ràng gùkè zhīdào shíjì chéngběn.

平台应该把价格和其他费用写清楚，好让顾客知道实际成本。Platforms should clearly display prices and other fees so customers know the actual cost.

阿杰

Duì. Xīn de shāngyè xíngshì néng bu néng chángqī fāzhǎn, zuìhòu háishi kàn tā shì bu shì zhēn de jiějué le xūqiú.

对。新的商业形式能不能长期发展，最后还是看它是不是真的解决了需求。Right. Whether a new business form can last depends on whether it truly solves a need.

Support textStory

一家小店延长营业时间以后

Why this text is here: Show a fictional small-business case where a service change has both benefits and costs.

Xiǎoqū ménkǒu de yì jiā biànlìdiàn yuánlái wǎnshang shí diǎn guānmén. Diànzhǔ fāxiàn fùjìn yǒu bù shǎo wǎnbān yuángōng, yúshì shìzhe bǎ Zhōuwǔ hé Zhōuliù de yíngyè shíjiān yáncháng dào shí'èr diǎn. Yí ge yuè lǐ, wǎnjiān gùkè quèshí zēngjiā le.

小区门口的一家便利店原来晚上十点关门。店主发现附近有不少晚班员工，于是试着把周五和周六的营业时间延长到十二点。一个月里，晚间顾客确实增加了。A convenience store near a residential community used to close at 10 p.m. The owner noticed many nearby workers finished late, so Friday and Saturday hours were extended to midnight. Evening customers did increase during the month.

Búguò, diàn lǐ yě zēngjiā le wǎnbān gōngzī hé yòngdiàn chéngběn. Diànzhǔ zuìhòu méiyǒu měitiān dōu yáncháng shíjiān, ér shì bǎoliú zhōumò wǎnjiān fúwù. Zhè zhǐ shì yí ge xiǎodiàn de jīngyíng xuǎnzé, bù néng shuōmíng suǒyǒu shāngdiàn dōu shìhé zhèyàng zuò.

不过，店里也增加了晚班工资和用电成本。店主最后没有每天都延长时间，而是保留周末晚间服务。这只是一个小店的经营选择，不能说明所有商店都适合这样做。But late-shift wages and electricity costs also increased. The owner ultimately kept later hours only on weekends. This was one small store's business choice and does not show that every store should do the same.

经济现象：产品、商业形态与经济状况

经济现象：产品、商业形态与经济状况

By the end of this lesson

Read and listen across several real contexts

一种商业形式为什么会出现？

无人零售店为什么越来越多？

一家小店延长营业时间以后

Lesson focus vocabulary

Vocabulary in context

Build usable sentences

Purpose clauses with 好

Two-sided economic explanation

Explain an everyday economic phenomenon

Your task

Self-check rubric

Complete the mastery check